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Detailed Introduction to EV Charging Stations

Article Source：Kinri Energy | Author：Kinri Energy | Issuing Time：2024.05.21
At present, the focus of attention on electric vehicles is mainly on the range, distribution of EV EV charging Stations, charging speed, and battery decay. These issues can be solved through charging speed, which is related to EV EV charging Stations. Below, we will take you to understand the current situation of EV EV charging Stations in the market.


7KW Smart AC EV Charging Station


Electric vehicles are mainly driven by DC motors and battery packs, and the capacity of the battery pack determines the driving range. At present, the battery pack capacity of passenger cars is 30-90kw. h, with a range of 200-500km, while the battery pack capacity of buses is 60-240kw. h, with a range of 100-200km. For example, if the battery pack capacity of a taxi is 80kw. h, assuming the power of the EV charging Station is 120kw for dual guns and 60kw for single guns, it will take approximately 1.2 hours for 80kw. h/60kw. 120kw is 80kw. h/120kw=about 45 minutes.

From the above, it can be seen that the higher the power, the faster the charging speed, but in reality, this is not the case. The speed of charging is determined by the performance of the battery. High current charging can generate a lot of heat in the battery, and if it cannot be dissipated, it can cause damage. Therefore, it will increase the BMS system's real-time control and limitation of charging power and current.

Generally, hybrid vehicles only have one AC charging port, pure electric vehicles have one AC port and one DC port, while buses only have one DC port. AC EV charging Station refers to the process of inputting mains electricity into an electric vehicle and converting AC into DC through an onboard charger to charge the battery. The DC EV charging Station mainly consists of a main control board, modules, communication board, human-machine interface, charging gun, billing system, air switch, lightning protection, discharge resistance, insulation detection, etc. It refers to converting mains electricity into DC and adjusting the output voltage to the battery in the electric vehicle through communication with the onboard BMS.

The current market has a relatively small number of EV EV charging Stations, and some areas have basically improved. However, some areas are still hard to find, while others have become zombie stations. For car owners, it is best to have a fixed EV charging Station, but this requires a fixed parking space and the installation process is extremely cumbersome, which may not be possible due to regional capacitance limitations.

Although companies such as State Grid, Southern Power Grid, and Special Electric Power have accelerated and improved the layout of EV EV charging Stations, and car companies are also building their own within their capabilities. There is also a layout of battery swapping stations along highways and providing emergency charging services for mobile charging vehicles, all of these require time to improve. It is expected that the future charging network information will be transparent, and the location, quantity, and availability of EV EV charging Stations can all be shared through data.

The mainstream charging speed for electric vehicles is still to fully charge 80% of the battery in 30 minutes. Taking the market range of 350 as an example, usually DC fast charging takes 48 minutes to fully charge 80%, and 90 minutes to fully charge 100%. Tesla's latest model 3 has a range of 600km and can be charged with a super EV charging Station for 30 minutes, with a range of 270km and a full charge of 100% in 90 minutes. The selling point of Porsche Taycan is that it provides fast charging services for 800V and 350kW, with a range of 100km in just 4 minutes. It is expected that electric vehicles with a mileage of over 500km will be launched in 2019.

The issue of battery decay cannot be solved for electric vehicles, and can only be changed through usage habits. According to information released by a third party online, the winter range attenuation of traditional electric vehicles is about 30% at -10 degrees Celsius and about 50% at -20 degrees Celsius, which has had a significant impact on the use of electric vehicles in cold regions.

For car owners, the longer the range, the better. In practice, we may still have 50-100km left to start searching for EV EV charging Stations for charging. Some people may experience inaccuracies in their actual test range compared to official data. For a typical 350km range, it is necessary to remove some of these factors when driving at high speeds, turning on the air conditioning, or turning on the heating at low temperatures. In extreme cases, it may even be even worse. These are all normal phenomena.

In terms of current technology, it is difficult to achieve high endurance, mainly due to improving the distribution of EV EV charging Stations and increasing charging speed. Because batteries account for 20-30% of the vehicle's weight, and for gasoline powered vehicles, this weight is an additional increase, which is equivalent to an additional charge of 0.3 degrees for a battery. For example, if a person carries one pound of dry food, they can walk 50 kilometers, but if they carry 100 pounds, they may be overwhelmed. The energy density of battery packs is generally between 130-160wh/kg, while gasoline is 12222wh/kg, with a huge difference. The energy density determines the difficulty of the number of batteries.

Although improving the convenience of charging is not a cure for the root cause, no matter how long the battery life is, the convenience of charging also needs to be addressed. After being unable to solve the root cause problem, some people have proposed replacing fast charging with battery swapping and adding backup battery packs. Overall, electric vehicles are still being explored.
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