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Detailed explanation of aging standards for power adapters

Article Source：Kinri Energy | Author：Kinri Energy | Issuing Time：2024.05.10
The significance of aging standards

Power adapter is a crucial component in electronic products, and its quality directly affects the stability and reliability of the product. In order to ensure the quality of power adapters, a series of aging standards have been established. Aging testing can simulate various environmental factors and loads experienced by power adapters during long-term operation, accelerate the aging process, and test the reliability and stability of the adapter in a relatively short period of time.


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Aging testing standards

The aging test standards vary according to different product types and usage environments, mainly including the following:

1. Industrial standards: Industrial standards require products to pass aging tests to ensure product quality. For example, power adapter products can be tested according to standards such as GB/T 4943.1-2011 "Safety of Household and Similar Electrical Appliances - Part 1: General Provisions" and GB/T 9254-2008 "Electromagnetic Completeness Requirements for Household and Similar Electrical Appliances".

2. Enterprise standards: Enterprises can establish some standards internally to test the quality of products. For example, Apple has its own set of aging testing standards for its domestically produced power adapters.

3. Industry standards: Industry associations can develop some industry standards to standardize the aging testing standards and processes for the same type of products. For example, VDE from Germany, UL from the United States, CCC from China, etc.

Aging testing process

Aging testing typically includes the following steps:

1. Preheating the operating environment: Run the power adapter at the specified ambient temperature for a period of time to reach a stable state.

2. Load testing: Use the maximum load of the adapter and run continuously for hours or days to test the stability and quality of the adapter.

3. Switch testing: Test the switch of the power adapter to test the stability and quality of startup and shutdown.

4. Temperature change test: Place the adapter in a high and low temperature environment to test if it can function properly.

5. Humidity change test: Place the adapter in a damp environment to test if it can function properly.

Matters needing attention

During the aging test process, the following points should be noted:

1. Unconventional use: During the aging test process, the adapter needs to be subjected to unconventional use, such as continuously placing the adapter in a high-temperature environment.

2. Time arrangement: Aging testing requires a certain amount of time, and the length of testing time depends on standards and actual needs.

3. Safety protection: During aging testing, attention should be paid to safety protection to avoid accidents such as short circuits and overheating of the power adapter.

Common aging testing methods

1. Cyclic load method: Keep the adapter running at maximum load until its temperature stabilizes, then unload the adapter and let it run again to steady state.

2. Constant temperature and humidity method: Place the adapter in an environment of 40 ℃ and 90% humidity for a 4-hour aging test.

3. Temperature cycling method: Place the adapter in two alternating environments of -10 ℃ and 50 ℃ for 2 hours each.

Summary

Aging testing is an important means to ensure the quality of power adapters. Developing aging testing standards and conducting tests according to them can effectively improve the stability and reliability of power adapters. At the same time, for the aging test of power adapters, attention should also be paid to the selection of safety protection measures and testing methods during the testing process to ensure the authenticity and effectiveness of the test.
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