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Poor quality electric bicycle chargers are one of the factors causing electric bicycle fires

Article Source：Shanghai Observer | Author：Author: Zhang Yukai | Issuing Time：2024.03.18
Recently, the fire safety of electric bicycles has frequently attracted attention. In addition to batteries, the power of chargers as invisible bombs cannot be underestimated, and low-quality electric bicycle chargers are also one of the factors causing electric bicycle fires.

So, what issues should consumers pay attention to when purchasing and using electric bicycle chargers on a daily basis? We arrived at the Jiading District Fire Rescue Brigade and conducted an experiment with firefighters and police officers.

The prices of products on the market are significantly different, with significant differences in material and workmanship

The experimenters purchased multiple electric bicycle chargers from different channels in advance, with prices ranging from tens to hundreds of yuan. Before dismantling, the experimenters first compared the three experimental chargers A, B, and C involved in the experiment in terms of appearance, weight, and other aspects. According to Wang Hetian, the head of the Comprehensive Guidance Department of the Jiading District Fire Rescue Brigade, consumers can first distinguish the charger with their naked eyes from the materials used such as the shell and wire. "From the appearance, this cheap charger feels rough to the touch. In comparison, the other few are thicker and more solid."












Comparison of Internal Structures of Different Chargers

After weighing, the weight difference between different products is significant. The cheapest A charger weighs over 400 grams, while the metal shell C charger weighs 1540 grams. "The heavier the charger, the better, but to some extent, weight can indicate that the materials, components, and fillers used in the charger are relatively genuine and cost-effective," said Wang Hetian.


Weighing comparison

In the subsequent dismantling experiment, the experimenters dismantled the three chargers one by one on site. The reporter saw that there is only one simple circuit board and a cooling fan inside the A charger. "The weight of this circuit board is very light, and the specifications of the heat sink are not uniform, and there is a lack of fuse protectors. From the back of the circuit board, it can be seen that the solder is of different lengths and uneven, clearly made by a small workshop." Wang Hetian introduced that the quality of the cheap charger circuit board is poor, and there is a risk of water ingress and short circuit during outdoor charging. It may also become loose when encountering bumps during cycling, posing a safety hazard.


Circuit board for cheap chargers

In the other two chargers, there is waterproof adhesive filling inside, which can provide insulation protection, component fixation, and water ingress barrier. The experimenters attempted to ignite it with a lighter, but the waterproof glue around the center of the lighter flame melted and dripped, without producing an open flame. The wires of cheap chargers are easily ignited.


Comparison of flame retardancy of different charger materials

Choose compliant products through legitimate channels and promptly replace them with new ones in case of malfunctions



Through experiments, it can be seen that low-quality chargers have cheap materials, rough workmanship, and pose safety hazards. The fire department suggests that when citizens choose electric bicycle chargers, they should choose products produced by legitimate manufacturers based on the type, rated voltage, and capacity of the batteries used in their electric bicycles. It should be noted that lithium batteries have dedicated chargers, and even if the nominal parameters are consistent, it is never allowed to be mixed with lead-acid battery chargers.

In daily use, safety should be taken into consideration at all times. "Do not charge with flying wires, otherwise it is easy to cause electrical circuit faults and cause fires. When using the charger, do not cover and seal the charging box with bags or other materials, and keep away from combustible materials in the surrounding area to avoid fires caused by poor heat dissipation." Wang Hetian reminds that if the charger encounters abnormal sounds or power indicator lights flashing or extinguishing during use, it should be replaced in a timely manner.

Police Reminder: Prohibit entry into households, use legally, and take scientific precautions in case of combustion

Hu Chunlai, a police officer from the Public Security Detachment of Jiading Public Security Bureau, reminds citizens to use electric bicycles in a standardized manner in their daily lives. It is strictly prohibited to enter homes or park or charge in corridors, public corridors, foyers, and evacuation routes. Citizens should choose and use electric bicycles and accessories that meet the standards. "Once a fire is caused by illegal use, illegal entry, illegal modification, etc., the public security organs will impose administrative detention on them for negligence in causing the fire," Hu Chun said.

The public security department reminds that if a lithium battery catches fire, one should immediately stay away and take scientific precautions. "The extremely active electrolyte in lithium batteries can burn violently. After a fire occurs, it is important to stay away immediately and not attempt to extinguish it on your own to prevent the battery from further exploding or even exploding." Du Meng, Deputy Director of the Criminal Investigation Department of the Criminal Investigation Detachment of Jiading Public Security Bureau and a forensic expert, said, "At the same time, lithium batteries will release various toxic substances, including cyanide, after catching fire. Do not stand at the downwind of the fire scene to prevent poisoning."

Author: Zhang Yukai

Photography: Qian Yidi (Intern)
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