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Efficiency and influencing factors of switch mode power supply

Article Source：Kinri Energy | Author：Kinri Energy | Issuing Time：2024.05.20
The efficiency of switch mode power supplies is higher than that of traditional linear power supplies, usually reaching over 85%.

The Efficiency Calculation Method of Switching Power Supply

The efficiency of a switching power supply usually refers to the ratio of its output power to the input power, that is:

Efficiency=output power ÷ input power x 100%

Among them, the output power is the power supplied to the load, which is equal to the output voltage multiplied by the output current; The input power is the electrical power at the input end of a switching power supply, which is equal to the input voltage multiplied by the input current. Due to the high efficiency of switch mode power supplies, they can generally reach over 85%, while traditional linear power supplies can only reach between 50% and 70%.


400W Switching Power Supply

Factors affecting the efficiency of switching power supplies

1. Switching tube loss: Switching power supplies use switching tubes as key components, and the loss of switching tubes can affect the efficiency of switching power supplies. The losses of switching tubes include conduction losses and switching losses, among which switching losses are relatively large.

2. Output voltage and current: The output voltage and current of a switching power supply also have an impact on its efficiency. Under the same working state, the higher the output current, the lower the efficiency of the switching power supply. Therefore, when choosing a switching power supply, appropriate output voltage and current should be selected according to the load requirements.

3. Load variation: When the switching power supply is working, the load variation can also affect its efficiency. If the load changes significantly, the switching power supply needs to continuously adjust the output current and voltage, which will reduce its efficiency.

4. Temperature: The temperature inside the switching power supply can also affect its efficiency. As the temperature increases, the losses of components such as switching tubes also increase, thereby affecting the efficiency of switching power supplies.
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