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Analysis of the Causes of Burnout of Switching Power Supply

Article Source：Kinri Energy | Author：Kinri Energy | Issuing Time：2024.04.19
Switching power supply is currently one of the most widely used power supplies, but it often burns out during use. If these problems are not solved, it will not only cause waste of electrical equipment, but also affect the efficiency of use. Below we will analyze the reasons for the burnout of the switching power supply:



1. Soft start circuit failure

The soft start circuit is the process of applying voltage to various components before switching on and off the switching power supply. If there is a problem with the soft start circuit, it is easy to cause overcurrent, which can lead to burning out the switching power supply.

2. Switching tube integrated circuit board anti peak absorption circuit failure

The anti peak absorption circuit is generally composed of diodes, inductors, etc. If it fails, it is easy to cause the anti peak voltage to exceed the withstand voltage range of the switching tube, leading to short circuit and burning of the switching tube.

3. Positive feedback is too strong

The positive feedback signal generated upstream of the load in the switching power supply that exceeds the normal value, if the feedback is too strong, can cause the switching tube to overheat and the equipment to burn out.

4. Timed capacitor failure and leakage

The timing capacitor is used to control the switching state of the switching tube. If it fails or leaks electricity, it will cause the switching tube to malfunction, resulting in the entire switching power supply being burned out.

5. Decoupling capacitor failure in voltage stabilizing circuit

The function of a decoupling capacitor is to suppress output fluctuations. If it fails, it can cause voltage changes in the output of the switching power supply, thereby affecting the use of load appliances and potentially burning out the equipment.

6. Negative feedback open-loop of voltage stabilizing circuit

Negative feedback open-loop failure can cause the switching power supply to operate for a long time while holding a certain current, which can easily cause overheating and burnout.

7. The emission limit current resistance of the switching tube is too small

A small emission limit current resistance will cause the emitter voltage of the switching tube to be too low, which will affect its normal operation and cause the switching power supply to burn out.

8. Damaged switch voltage regulator

The intermediate filter converts AC voltage into DC voltage at the switch output end. If the switch voltage regulator is damaged, this conversion cannot be guaranteed, which can easily lead to short circuits or burnout of the switch tube.

9. Damaged rectifier bridge

The damage of the rectifier bridge can cause the DC load of the power supply to be directly connected by the switching tube, which can easily lead to a short circuit or burning of the switching tube.

10. Poor insulation between switch tube and heat sink

If the insulation is poor, it can cause electrical contact between the switch tube and the heat sink, resulting in a short circuit or burning of the switch tube.

11. Poor performance or low power of switch tubes

If the performance of the switching transistor is poor or the power is too low, it will cause incorrect voltage and current at the moment of startup, leading to the burnout of the switching power supply.

12. Damaged rectifier diode

The damage of the rectifier diode will inevitably result in the inability to provide stable current protection after the switching power supply is turned on, leading to burnout.

13. Input AC voltage too high or too low

Input voltage that is too high or too low can have a huge impact on switching power supplies. Therefore, we need to use power supply equipment with more stable voltage regulation performance to avoid equipment burning out due to overvoltage.

After the above analysis, we have gained a certain understanding and understanding of the reasons for the burnout of switch mode power supplies. If we can identify one of the faults in the problem, then we can solve the problem by replacing the circuit. If multiple components fail simultaneously, we also need to understand the priority of each fault and handle it in order of priority.

In short, maintaining the switching power supply requires careful and thorough inspection of issues to ensure the normal operation of the equipment.
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