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How to reduce noise in switching power supplies?

Article Source：Kinri Energy | Author：Kinri Energy | Issuing Time：2024.04.11
Switching power supplies are an indispensable part of electronic devices, but the noise generated during their operation has caused a lot of trouble for users. Noise not only affects people's mood, but may also have adverse effects on other components of electronic devices. Therefore, how to reduce the noise of switching power supplies has become an important issue that electronic engineers need to face.



Firstly, we need to understand the sources of switching power supply noise. The noise in switching power supplies mainly comes from the high-speed switching action of switching tubes and the vibration of components such as inductors and capacitors. When the switching tube switches quickly, the current will suddenly change direction, causing a magnetic field change in the inductance, thereby causing noise. In addition, capacitors can also generate vibration and noise during the charging and discharging process.

To reduce the noise of switching power supplies, we can start from the following aspects:

1. Optimize circuit design

Circuit design is the key to reducing noise in switching power supplies. By optimizing the main circuit and filtering circuit of the switching power supply, noise can be effectively reduced. For example, using soft switching technology can reduce the impact of switching tubes during the switching process, thereby reducing noise. In addition, reasonable selection of parameters for components such as inductors and capacitors can also reduce the generation of noise.

2. Using noise reduction components

In the design of switching power supplies, specialized noise reduction components can be used to reduce noise. For example, magnetic beads, magnetic rings, etc. can reduce the vibration and noise of inductive components. In addition, using low-noise switching tubes and heat sinks can effectively reduce the noise of switching power supplies.

3. Strengthen heat dissipation

Switching power supplies generate a large amount of heat during operation. If the heat dissipation is poor, it can cause the temperature of the components to rise, thereby increasing noise. Therefore, strengthening heat dissipation is also an effective method to reduce the noise of switching power supplies. Heat dissipation conditions can be improved by increasing the area of the heat sink and improving heat dissipation efficiency.

4. Adopting isolation measures

The vibration generated by switching power supplies during operation can also cause noise. To reduce this noise, some isolation measures can be taken. For example, installing shock-absorbing pads or feet at the bottom of a switching power supply can reduce the impact of vibration on the surrounding environment.

5. Reasonable layout and installation

The layout and installation method of switching power supplies can also have an impact on noise. When laying out, noise sources should be kept as far away as possible from sensitive components such as microprocessors, sensors, etc. During installation, ensure that the switch power supply is firmly fixed to avoid resonance.

In addition to the above methods, there are also some other means that can help reduce the noise of switching power supplies. For example, by optimizing control algorithms, the switching tube can operate at its optimal state, thereby reducing noise. In addition, the use of advanced packaging technology and materials can further reduce the noise of switching power supplies.

In short, reducing the noise of switching power supplies requires comprehensive consideration from multiple aspects. By optimizing circuit design, adopting noise reducing components, strengthening heat dissipation, adopting isolation measures, and reasonable layout and installation, we can effectively reduce the noise of switching power supplies and improve the user experience of electronic devices. With the continuous progress of technology, we believe that more innovative methods and technologies will emerge in the future, providing us with better solutions to solve the noise problem of switching power supplies.
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