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The basis for selecting the operating frequency of switching power supplies

Article Source：Kinri Energy | Author：Kinri Energy | Issuing Time：2024.04.11
Switching power supplies play a crucial role in modern electronic devices, and the choice of their operating frequency not only affects the performance of the power supply itself, but is also closely related to the stability and efficiency of the entire system. So, when choosing a switching power supply, what factors are we based on to determine its operating frequency?



1. Efficiency and thermal design

The efficiency of switch mode power supplies is often directly related to their operating frequency. High frequency switching power supplies typically use smaller transformers and capacitors, which reduce their volume and weight, but may also result in higher switching losses. Although low-frequency switching power supplies have lower switching losses, the volume and weight of the filters and transformers they use may be larger. Therefore, when selecting the operating frequency, it is necessary to comprehensively consider efficiency and thermal design to ensure that the power supply can operate efficiently while having good heat dissipation performance.

2. Output ripple and noise

Power output ripple and noise are important indicators for measuring power quality. High frequency switching power supplies may generate significant ripple and noise due to their fast switching speed, which can interfere with sensitive electronic devices. The output ripple and noise of low-frequency switching power supplies are relatively small, and the interference to the equipment is also relatively small. Therefore, when selecting the operating frequency, it is necessary to consider the tolerance of electronic devices to ripple and noise, as well as the filtering ability of the power supply itself.

3. Dynamic response and stability

The dynamic response and stability of a power supply are important indicators for evaluating its performance. High frequency switching power supplies may have better dynamic response ability due to their fast switching speed, allowing for faster adjustment of output voltage and current to adapt to changes in load. Low frequency switching power supplies may be slightly inferior in this regard. Therefore, when selecting the operating frequency, it is necessary to consider the stability and dynamic response ability of the power supply under different load conditions.

4. Cost and manufacturing difficulty

The cost and manufacturing difficulty of switching power supplies are also factors that need to be considered when selecting operating frequencies. High frequency switching power supplies may have lower manufacturing costs due to the use of smaller components, but they may also require higher manufacturing accuracy and stricter quality control. Although the manufacturing cost of low-frequency switching power supplies may be high, their manufacturing difficulty is relatively low. Therefore, when selecting the working frequency, it is necessary to comprehensively consider cost and manufacturing difficulty to ensure the cost-effectiveness and producibility of the power supply.

In summary, selecting the operating frequency of a switching power supply requires comprehensive consideration of multiple factors such as efficiency, thermal design, output ripple and noise, dynamic response and stability, cost, and manufacturing difficulty. In practical applications, we need to choose the appropriate operating frequency of the switching power supply based on specific device requirements and usage scenarios to ensure that the performance and stability of the power supply reach the optimal state.
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