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What are the hazards of power harmonics?

Article Source：Kinri Energy | Author：Kinri Energy | Issuing Time：2024.03.28
Definition of Power Harmonic



Power harmonics are distortions caused by non-linear loads causing voltage or current waveforms to deviate from sine. The waveform of harmonics is also a sine wave, but the harmonic frequency is an integral multiple of the fundamental frequency. So why is there the generation of harmonics? On the one hand, it is due to some problems with the power generation equipment, which may contain harmonics; On the other hand, it is because some nonlinear devices generate harmonics during operation, such as frequency converters, switching power supplies, welding machines, LED lights, displays, variable frequency household appliances, arc furnaces, etc. Nonlinear devices are currently the main cause of harmonic generation.

The hazards of power harmonics

The presence of power harmonics can have a certain impact on equipment and power systems, leading to equipment malfunction and system instability. The specific hazards mainly include the following:

1. Affects the normal operation of equipment

Power harmonics can cause additional losses, mechanical vibrations, overvoltage, noise, etc. in equipment, resulting in overheating of capacitors, cables, transformers and other equipment, insulation aging, shortened service life, and damage to equipment.

2. Generate additional harmonic losses

Power harmonics can cause additional losses to equipment, reduce equipment efficiency, and severe harmonics can even cause safety accidents such as overheating of the line and fire.

3. Series/parallel resonance

Power harmonics can cause series resonance and parallel resonance, amplify harmonics, and cause overvoltage and overcurrent.

4. Harmonics can affect the stability, safety, and reliability of the power system, and may cause power supply interruptions.

5. Harmonics can also cause interference to communication systems, reducing communication quality.

Power harmonics can affect the operation and lifespan of equipment, cause instability in the power system, and interfere with communication systems. Therefore, it is important to suppress and prevent power harmonics. Measures such as installing harmonic compensation devices to compensate for harmonics and retrofitting power electronic devices can be taken to improve the situation. In addition, it is necessary to test and evaluate the harmonics of the power supply. 
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