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The Difference between Forward Switching Power Supply and Flyback Switching Power Supply

Article Source：Kinri Energy | Author：Kinri Energy | Issuing Time：2024.03.25
As an indispensable component of modern electronic devices, switch mode power supplies are widely used in various fields. In the design of switching power supplies, forward and flyback are two common topology structures. This article will explore in detail the differences between forward and reverse switching power supplies, including their working principles, characteristics, and application scenarios.



1.Working principle

Forward switching power supply

When the switching transistor is turned on in a forward switching power supply, the current passes through the primary winding of the transformer, transferring energy to the secondary winding, and then outputting DC power through rectification and filtering. When the switch is turned off, the secondary winding of the transformer continues to flow through a diode to maintain stable output voltage.

Flyback switching power supply

When the switching tube of the flyback switching power supply is turned on, the primary winding of the transformer stores energy, and there is no current passing through the secondary winding; When the switching tube is turned off, the energy of the primary winding is coupled to the secondary winding through a transformer, and then rectified and filtered to output direct current.

2. Comparison of Characteristics

Transformer winding position

The positions of the primary and secondary windings of the transformer in a forward switching power supply are relatively fixed, while the positions of the windings in a flyback switching power supply can be interchanged.

Energy transfer direction

The energy transfer direction of a forward switching power supply is from input to output, while the energy transfer of a flyback switching power supply can be from input to output or from output to input.

output voltage

The output voltage of a forward switching power supply is usually higher than the input voltage and requires boosting; The output voltage of a flyback switching power supply can be higher, equal to, or lower than the input voltage, providing a wider range of adaptability.

Circuit complexity

The circuit of forward switching power supply is relatively complex and requires additional rectification and filtering circuits; The circuit of the flyback switching power supply is relatively simple, but it may require more control and protection circuits.

efficiency

In general, forward switching power supplies have high efficiency in applications with high power and high output voltage; Flyback switching power supplies can also achieve high efficiency in low-power, multi output, or isolated power applications.

3. Application scenarios

Forward switching power supply

Due to its high efficiency and output voltage, forward switching power supplies are commonly used in high-power, high-voltage situations such as industrial equipment and servers.

Flyback switching power supply

Flyback switching power supplies are more suitable for low-power, multi output, or applications that require isolation, such as consumer electronics, adapters, etc.

4. Summary

In summary, there are significant differences between forward and flyback switching power supplies in terms of working principles, characteristics, and application scenarios. Forward switching power supplies are suitable for high-power, high output voltage applications, while flyback switching power supplies are more suitable for low-power, multi output, or isolated applications. In practical design, appropriate topology structures should be selected based on specific requirements to achieve optimal performance and efficiency.
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