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How to choose the server power supply?

Article Source：Kinri Energy | Author：Kinri Energy | Issuing Time：2024.03.21
The power supply of the server is crucial for its stable operation, and it also needs to cope with various power emergencies. Therefore, when making a purchase, it is important to fully consider various factors such as the deployment environment and power supply of the server. How can we choose a suitable server power supply? The following article will provide a detailed introduction to the types and selection techniques of server power supplies, and I believe it can provide some help in your selection.



1. Power supply specifications

(1) ATX power supply

The output power is generally between 125 and 350W. Usually, a 20 pin double row rectangular socket is used to power the motherboard. With the launch of the Pentium 4 processor by Intel, the power specification has also been changed from ATX to ATX12V. Compared with ATX power supply, ATX12V power supply mainly adds a 4Pin 12V power output terminal to better meet the power supply requirements of Pentium 4 (P4 power consumption of 2GHz main frequency reaches 52.4 watts).

(2) SSI power supply

The introduction of the new server power specification and SSI specification is aimed at standardizing server power technology, reducing development costs, and extending the service life of servers. It mainly includes server power specifications, backplane system specifications, server chassis system specifications, and cooling system specifications.

(3) CRPS power supply

This power system is equipped with a main power supply and a backup power supply. If the main power supply fails, the backup power supply will immediately take over the task, avoiding the need to shut down the host. CRPS power supply provides a comprehensive power protection mechanism to ensure stable energy output, thereby solving the problem of unstable power supply.

2. Conversion efficiency



(1) Titanium Gold Medal

Titanium power supplies can achieve a conversion rate of 92% at 20% load, 94% at 50% load, and 90% at 100% load.

(2) White Gold Medal

Platinum power supplies can achieve a 90% conversion rate at 20% load, a 92% conversion rate at 50% load, and an 89% conversion rate at 100% load.

(3) Gold Medal

The gold medal power supply can achieve a conversion rate of 87% at 20% load, 90% at 50% load, and 87% at 100% load.

(4) Silver medal

Silver power supplies can achieve an 85% conversion rate at 20% load, an 88% conversion rate at 50% load, and an 85% conversion rate at 100% load.

(5) Bronze medal

Copper rated power supplies can achieve an 82% conversion rate at 20% load, an 85% conversion rate at 50% load, and an 82% conversion rate at 100% load.

(6) White card

At 20% load, the conversion rate can reach 80%, at 50% load, and at 100% load, the conversion rate can reach 80%.

3. Intel specifications



(1) ATX2.0

Enhanced the current output capability of the+12VDC terminal, and made new regulations on the current output of+12V, peak surge current, capacity of filtering capacitors, protection, etc; Added P4 power connection cable; Enhanced the current output capability of+5VSB+ 12V dual output, with one+12V (referred to as+12V1) specifically supplying power to the CPU and the other+12V2 supplying power to other devices.

(2) ATX2.52

The ATX 2.52 standard power supply has a larger range of current regulation for overall+12V power supply. A higher current means that it supports CPU and GPU cores to be raised to higher BOOST frequencies. The power supply to the motherboard is also more sufficient, and the stability and performance limit of the platform are also higher. However, the ATX 2.52 has not added a new interface, so there are currently no accessories that have a special demand for it.

(3) ATX3.0

Upgrade the 12VHPWR power interface for graphics cards, using 12+4 pins, with a maximum power supply of 600W, mainly used to meet the power supply needs of PCIe 5.0 graphics cards. In addition, the new standard also mandates that power supplies with a power of 450W or above must be equipped with a 12VHPWR interface.

Purchasing Tips

1. Power and redundancy

Select the appropriate power supply according to the load requirements and redundancy requirements of the server. Redundant power supplies can provide higher reliability and stability, especially in applications that require high system stability, such as telecommunications, securities, and finance industries. Common redundant power supply technologies include N+1 redundancy, etc

2. Safety certification

Choosing a server power supply with relevant certification, such as 3C certification, can ensure the quality and safety of the power supply. In addition, it is necessary to pay attention to the heat dissipation performance of the power supply and safety measures such as overcurrent and overvoltage protection to ensure the stable operation of the server.

3. Voltage and current

The server power supply needs to provide stable voltage and current output to meet the operational needs of the server. At the same time, the voltage and current specifications of the power supply also need to match the requirements of the server to avoid situations of power overload or underload.

4. Reliability

Choosing a well-known brand and reliable server power supply can ensure the quality of the power supply and after-sales service. At the same time, attention should also be paid to factors such as the lifespan and maintenance cost of the power supply to ensure the long-term stable operation of the server.

5. Efficiency

Power efficiency refers to the ability of a power source to convert input electrical energy into output electrical energy. An efficient power supply can reduce energy waste and heat dissipation issues, and improve the overall performance of the system. Generally speaking, the efficiency of server power supply should be over 80%, and can even reach over 90%.

Key knowledge

1. Efficient and energy-saving

The efficiency of server power determines the energy consumption of the server, and an efficient power supply can reduce energy waste and lower operating costs.

2. Strong adaptability

The server power supply needs to adapt to different voltages and frequencies to ensure stable operation of the server.

3. High security

The server power supply needs to have functions such as overload protection and short circuit protection to ensure the safety of the server.

4. Easy maintenance

The server power supply needs to be easy to maintain and convenient for users to replace and repair.

5. Usage scenarios

In scenarios such as data centers that require a large amount of storage and computing power, it is necessary to choose more efficient, reliable, and stable power products.

summary

When selecting a server power supply, it is necessary to consider factors such as the specific configuration, power consumption requirements, and operating environment of the server to ensure the stability and reliability of the power supply. At the same time, during the installation and use of the power supply, relevant safety regulations and operating guidelines must also be followed to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment.
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