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The reasons and application scenarios of no-load power consumption generated by switching power supplies

Article Source：Kinri Energy | Author：Kinri Energy | Issuing Time：2024.05.07
In modern electronic devices, switching power supplies are widely used. However, even without load connection, switching power supplies still have no-load power consumption. So, how is this no-load power consumption generated?



Firstly, internal circuit losses are one of the main reasons for no-load power consumption. The transistors, capacitors, inductors and other components inside the switching power supply, even when there is no current passing through, still have a certain amount of leakage current and equivalent resistance, which can lead to energy loss. For example, during the high-frequency switching process, the conduction and cutoff of the transistor will generate a certain amount of energy loss.

Secondly, the consumption of control circuits is also a factor that cannot be ignored. The control circuit of the switching power supply needs to work continuously to monitor and adjust the output status of the power supply, even when it is unloaded. Although the electricity consumption in this part is relatively small, long-term accumulation can also cause certain waste of energy.

In addition, bias current is also one of the reasons for no-load power consumption. Some circuit components require a certain bias current to maintain their normal operation, which also increases the energy consumption during no-load operation.

The no-load power consumption of switching power supplies is of great significance in practical applications. In some scenarios that require high energy consumption, such as portable electronic devices, new energy fields, etc., reducing no-load power consumption can effectively improve energy utilization efficiency and extend the service life of devices. Meanwhile, for large-scale power systems, reducing the no-load power consumption of switching power supplies can also help save energy and reduce operating costs.

Overall, understanding the causes of no-load power consumption in switching power supplies can help us take corresponding measures in design and use to reduce its impact and achieve more efficient and energy-saving power conversion.
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