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What is the working principle of a power supply?

Article Source：Kinri Energy | Author：Kinri Energy | Issuing Time：2024.03.27
A power supply is a device that converts electrical energy into a specific form for use by electronic devices. The working principle of power supplies varies depending on their type. The following are several common working principles of power supplies:



DC Power Supply:

Rectification: Obtaining electrical energy from an AC power source and converting it into DC current through a rectification circuit. Rectification can use half wave rectification or full wave rectification.

Filtering: By using a filtering circuit to remove the pulsation in the DC current, a more stable DC voltage can be obtained.

Voltage stabilization: In some cases, a voltage stabilization circuit is also required to ensure that the output voltage remains stable within a certain range.

AC Power Supply:

Transformer: AC power typically includes a transformer, which is used to convert the input voltage into the desired output voltage.

Rectification: Similar to DC power supplies, AC power supplies also require rectification circuits to convert AC current into DC current.

Filtering: used to remove pulsations in DC current.

Inversion: In some applications, it may also include an inverter circuit that converts DC current back into AC current.

Switching Power Supply:

Switching devices: Use switching devices (usually transistors) to control the flow of electrical energy and perform switching operations at high frequencies.

Transformers: Usually include high-frequency transformers to achieve efficient energy conversion.

Rectification and filtering: Like other power sources, including rectification and filtering circuits.

Control circuit: Use feedback control circuit to monitor the output and adjust the operation of switching devices to maintain a stable output voltage.

Battery:

Chemical reaction: A battery converts chemical energy into electrical energy through a chemical reaction.

Positive and negative electrodes: The battery has positive and negative electrodes, which output current to an external circuit by connecting wires.

Electrolyte: The electrolyte in a battery transfers ions between the positive and negative electrodes, promoting chemical reactions.

These are an overview of the working principles of some common power sources. The specific power supply type may have more details, but what is provided here is a general working principle.
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