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What is the difference between full wave rectification and bridge rectification?

Article Source：Kinri Energy | Author：Kinri Energy | Issuing Time：2024.04.17
Definition and Principle

Bridge rectification and full wave rectification are both methods used to convert alternating current into direct current, among which bridge rectification is also known as full bridge rectification. Their basic principle is to use the unidirectional conductivity of diodes to achieve unidirectional flow of current. But their circuit structure and performance indicators are different. The main differences between them are as follows.


Bridge rectifier


●  Circuit structure

The bridge rectifier circuit consists of four diodes, which are connected to the four wires of the AC power supply; The full wave rectification circuit consists of 2 diodes and 1 central voltage divider, which is relatively simple.

●  Output waveform

The output of the bridge rectifier circuit is twice that of the full wave rectifier, and the waveform is smoother and more stable. It can be directly used for inductor filtering and capacitor filtering. However, the output waveform of full wave rectification fluctuates greatly, and further filtering circuit processing is needed to obtain stable DC power.

●  Conversion efficiency 

The conversion efficiency of bridge rectifier circuit is slightly higher than that of full wave rectifier circuit because it does not have a central voltage divider, so the power loss is smaller.

●  Application scope

Bridge rectifier circuits are suitable for situations with high current and voltage, such as motors, welding machines, etc; Full wave rectification circuits are suitable for situations with low current and voltage, such as electronic circuits.

In summary, the advantages of bridge rectification are that the output waveform is more stable, the conversion efficiency is slightly higher, but the cost is higher, and it is suitable for scenarios with higher power and voltage; The advantages of full wave rectification lie in its simple circuit structure, low cost, and suitability for scenarios with low power and voltage. In practical applications, the choice of rectification method can be comprehensively considered based on specific situations.
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